Journal of Diabetes Research and Management

Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

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Deficient insulin production is a hallmark of type 1 diabetes, sometimes called insulin-dependent or juvenile diabetes, and necessitates daily insulin therapy. The etiology is an autoimmune reaction in which the body’s immune system attacks and destroys the pancreatic beta cells. The loss of these insulin-producing cells causes insulin deficiency in the affected individual. In contrast, people who have Type 2 diabetes are insulin resistant, so the body is unable to use the insulin it produces effectively. Although the causes of ailment are different, both conditions share similar symptoms of polyuria (excessive excretion of urine), thirst (polydipsia), excessive hunger, weight loss, visual abnormalities, and exhaustion.